Modeling, Control, and Harmonic Mitigation of a Hybrid PV Generation System Interconnected through Bipolar LCC-HVDC Transmission

Abstract

This paper presents the modeling, control, and performance evaluation of a hybrid photovoltaic (PV) generation system interconnected with the grid through a bipolar Line Commutated Converter High Voltage Direct Current (LCC-HVDC) transmission network. The system, inspired by the Egypt–Saudi Arabia interconnection project, was developed in MATLAB/Simulink to emulate long-distance renewable integration. A 10 MW PV plant was modeled with Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) and interfaced through DC–DC boost converters to the LCC rectifier. The converters were configured in a 12-pulse topology with coordinated control of firing and extinction angles. Simulation results demonstrated stable active power transfer of approximately 1300 MW with DC current around 1350 A during steady-state operation. Under irradiance variation from 1000 W/m² to 500 W/mhe PV output power decreased by 6.5%, verifying system sensitivity to environmental variations. Harmonic analysis revealed that without filtering, the rectifier-side AC bus voltage exhibited a Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of 13.94%, which significantly exceeds IEEE Std. 519 limits. By implementing tuned and damped passive filters, the THD was reduced to 0.93%, restoring sinusoidal voltage waveforms and improving power quality. The study demonstrates that coordinated firing/extinction angle control and optimized filter design are crucial for reliable renewable–HVDC integration, ensuring both compliance with international standards and efficient long-distance power transfer.

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