Microcontroller Based High Power Microwave Generator (HP-MWG) Control Board for Applications in Agriculture

Abstract

This paper presents the design and implementation of a microcontroller-based control system for a High-Power Microwave Generator (HP-MWG), developed for agricultural and medical applications such as pest eradication, food disinfection, and sterilization. The system operates at a fixed frequency of 2.5 GHz and delivers up to 800 watts of power using a pulsed-mode magnetron oscillator. The duty cycle is adjustable, allowing for precise control of energy output tailored to specific application requirements. Electromagnetic energy is transmitted to specialized treatment chambers through a custom-designed microwave waveguide assembly. Three types of metallic exposure chambers—designated as types A, B, and C—are used to prevent radiation leakage, with volume capacities ranging from 500 cm³ to 180,000 cm³. The design also accommodates open-field deployment scenarios. System operation is governed by an Arduino-based control board that interfaces with key components, including pulse waveform generation, LED indicators, timing circuits, and power selection modules. The control system supports both local and remote (wired) operation and features real-time status monitoring via integrated display panels. An onboard electromagnetic radiation sensor ensures safe operation and compliance with environmental standards. This integrated solution offers precise, efficient, and remotely accessible high-power microwave treatment for a wide range of agricultural and medical applications.

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